. Teaching of English at the medical college

Saule Tukanayeva
[email protected]
Astana. Medical college
The main criteria of success in education is the achievement of such level when any citizen of our country having received the proper teaching can become the best specialist in any country of world. The specialists of secondary professional education are the workers of intellectual labor who are capable to solve the professional tasks and have scientific competence, creative efforts and they are specialists who can analyze diagnose and project.
In the conditions of global processes of technology and information the development of the social sphere requires preparation of highly qualified specialists, combining the intellectual and practical activity having the sufficient knowledge and multifunctional skills. It is necessary to continue the realization of cultural project “Polylingual education” step by step. Kazakhstan should be considered as highly educated country, people of which speak three languages: Kazakh, Russian and English. Therefore, the knowledge of professional English is call of time dictated by the labor market. The studying of professional English stimulates new comprehension of the content of teaching English in the preparation of future specialists.
Teaching of foreign language of the students of the medical colleges is considered as a compound part of the program of the training of highly qualified specialists who are actively speaking foreign languages.
The aim of teaching of foreign languages is the acquisition of communicative competence, which allows the use of foreign language almost like professional, industrial, and for the purposes of self-education. The teaching of English has its own specific features at the medical college.
In the time of teaching professional English, as a basis we take three fields of work:
1. The using of educational speech situations for communicative and cognitive
needs.
One of the ways in achieving of the communicative approach is considered the formation and improvement of language skills, one component of which is the teaching of vocabulary. In this plan, the work is required on the lexical material because the basis for the development of oral communication skills is the knowledge of vocabulary, speech patterns and grammatical regulations. Apart from the shape, the meanings of the word the student should know the using, especially compatibility.
For creation of an active vocabulary it is necessary to learn by heart the vocabulary. The learning of the whole sentences helps the ability to speak. Different types of visual aids: pictures, tables, charts, etc. are of great importance in learning of foreign language and promote the practical language acquisition. Besides the general lexicon the students must learn a variety of medical terms in order to be able to read (with a dictionary) the literature on specialty or to conduct a simple conversation in English.
The communicative approach in teaching of foreign languages stimulates always creativity. The student is in the situation. The stories on thematic
pictures and drawings, as well as the acting out of dialogues contribute to the development of oral communication skills of students. In the study of professional English medical students learn rules for nurses, rules for giving the first aid for fainting, bruising, bleeding, fractures, shock, poisoning, sunstroke and etc. Hence these rules, one can develop training and speech situations and dialogues for speech activity. For example:
Situation 1. . Theme: “Poisoning”

Imagine that you help a person who has a poisoning.
What are you actions?

1. We must give the first aid for poisoning. The first aid for poisoning is to empty the stomach.
2. We must give much water to drink – 4-8 glasses.
3. As some poison may cause shock, others – asphyxia we must call a doctor. In every case the patients need prompt medical care.

Situation 2. Theme: “Sunstroke”
If you help a person who has sunstroke:
1. Take the patient into a cool and shady place.
2. Put him on his back.
3. Raise his head and shoulders a little.
4. Put cold cloth on his back.
5. Cool his body with cold water.
6. Rub his skin with a sponge to keep up blood circulation.
2. The application of game moments.
This method of operation is carried out through the game. The game is one of the techniques in teaching of foreign languages especially it is often used in the initial stage of teaching. Thanks to the game the natural communicative situation is created. The game is of interest and activity among students. And an ever-present element of competition in the game, the desire to win mobilizes the attention of students and trains their memory. All this contributes to more lasting learning
of studying. In professional English the role-playing games more predominate, especially in the study of topics such as "At the doctor ", " Calling a doctor " and others.
Game - dialogue. At the doctor's
For a week I felt in my stomach and decided to consult a doctor. Here is the conversation between me and the doctor.
Volkov: Good morning!
Doctor: Good morning! What is your name?
Volkov: My name is Volkov.
D.: What is the matter with you?
V.: I have a stomach-ache for a week and I want to find out what's wrong with me.
D.: Show me with your finger the place where it hurts you.
V.: Here, doctor.
D.: Does this pain do to another place?
V.: It goes to my back sometimes.
D.: Does it bother you at night?
V.: Most of the time.
D.: We'll take X-rays of your stomach and make some more test: blood test, urine test. I'll tell you the diagnosis after I have all your tests and I'll prescribe you some treatment.
3. The mastering of professional vocabulary by way of comparing of lexical units
in Latin.
During studying the students are familiar with the medical terminology. They need to master their profession. One way of mastering the foreign language is
the comparison of lexical units of Latin, which is building the analysis of linguistic features, and it helps to them to learn medical English vocabulary more better. For example, studying the theme "The internal organs of the human body" we have applied their knowledge on such subjects as "Anatomy and Physiology of the human being", "Latin is with the basics of Latin terminology."
And such terms as: muscle-musculus, nerve-nervus ventricular-ventriculum, intestine-intestinum, an ulcer-ulcus, a cavity-cavitas, occipital-occipitalis, a symptom-symptoma, an injection- injection did not cause any difficulties in translation from English into Russian that it allows to understand the content of the text quickly and accurately, to get the right information. Known terminology increases the motivation to study discipline "Foreign Language". Carrying out the tasks on themes "The parts of the human body " and " Skeleton " we can find numerous cases of the use of Latin and Greek terminology or cognate words. Studying and comparing these terms, and improving their knowledge, we are able to use them in all kinds of speech. The incomprehensible texts in the original, tasks and solving medical problems are not difficult for us. As medicine is constantly filled up with new terms it can be an important part of mastering the culture of English (oral, written) speech, the ability to transmit their thoughts adequately and competently, translate special scientific texts.
As students study the terms on such subjects as: “Anatomy”, "Normal anatomy ", " Pharmacology ", so these lexical items are understandable to students in the study of new material, and they activate speech activity. The close relationship between English and profiling subjects ensures the success of the development of foreign terminological vocabulary and skills of reading, annotating of the original texts, the formation of speech on medical topics.
In the study of professional vocabulary, existing knowledge in Latin contribute to the best mastering of English medical vocabulary.
So, well thought out organization of work on the use of visual appliances, carrying out of games, the application of different methods of semantic vocabulary helps to ensure it that the activity of students become motivated, and it allows making the process of learning the foreign language more meaningful and active.
The ultimate end of the learning foreign language is the mastering of the skills of reading literature in the specialty for information, as well as consolidation of skills for conversation in foreign language within the topics related to the future profession in the medical field.
Every year business connections of physicians from different countries are expanded. Continuously the total volume of information is grown, including foreign language. And in this work invaluable assistance will be given for the students in order to be able to read and translate the medical literature in English without an interpreter.
Thus, at the medical college the studying of English plays an important role in the life of future specialists. XXI century is the introduction of new technologies, i.e. the application of skills and experience of foreign experts in the field of medicine that allows to approach to the solution of urgent medical problems
more radically.
The studying of foreign language is a difficult matter, but it is available for the future specialists - physicians.
The known English proverb “Where there is a will, there is a way” will tell us the correct approach to the mastering of foreign language.

Bibliography:
1. Polyakov, OG Profile-oriented teaching of English and linguistic factors influencing the design of the course // Foreign languages in school. 2004.
2. L.G.Baranova, T.D.Shadskaya “English for medical colleges”. Moscow,2007.
3. T.S.Serova “Lexical exercises in the professionally oriented reading in foreign language”. Moscow, 2003.
4. A.M.Maslova, Z.I. Winestein, L.S.Plebeyskaya “Essential English for medical students“. Moskow “List New”, 2006. .